[Cryptography] [Web4] A PDE-Based, Ledgerless Digital Currency System

[zeb at qtt.se]

> From: nouun <nonnnu at protonmail.com>
> Sent: Sunday, 23 November 2025 04:39
> Subject: [Cryptography] [Web4] A PDE-Based, Ledgerless Digital Currency System

> ...
> I would like to share a new protocol proposal called Web4
> ...
> https://ipfs.io/ipfs/bafkreifjbr6bufuwynktlhh4qkxoa2wswvoaa5jmkro3fa7oarufnlemtm

Interesting!

If I interpret the paper correctly, the persistent state would include an ordered imbalance vector ("x" in the paper) of size n, and, I assume, an adjacency matrix of size n*n? Also, n public keys? And a signature obect of some kind, perhaps a simple concatenation of each participating entity's signature. Would there be multiple competing state versions around, to be reconsiled at some later point, or would each party be required to sign each transaction?

Best
Z