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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal>We've <a href="https://ungeared.com/the-strange-story-of-satoshi-nakamotos-spelling-choices-part-1/" target="_blank">published a small study of Satoshi Nakamoto's writing style</a> - the first part was focused on his spelling choices. We went through every word written by Satoshi and picked out words that are spelled differently in American & British English and also all of his misspellings (contrary to popular belief, his spelling wasn't always perfect). We identified 108 such instances (likely we missed some, it was a manual process): American – 52, British – 35 and Misspelled – 21. We can’t post picture here, there’re a lot of charts/graphs on our site, they help a lot-:)<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>Satoshi Was Consistently Inconsistent</b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Perhaps, the biggest takeaway from our research is that Satoshi was highly inconsistent in his use of American and British spelling and he was inconsistent from the very beginning. Many have noticed that in the Bitcoin whitepaper the British spelling of "favour", however, seemingly no one had spotted that in the same paper, he used American spelling for "characterized" (British: "characterised"). Interestingly, this irregularity would have been consistent with the rules of Canadian English.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>Satoshi's Coding Suggests He Was American</b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Another interesting observation we made is that - predominantly Satoshi was using American English when discussing code. This is also consistent with his coding - we haven't identified any usage of British English there (though this may require additional research).<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Satoshi's usage of American English Spelling NOT directly related to coding<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>From this we came up with two alternative hypotheses:<o:p></o:p></p><ol style='margin-top:0in' start=1 type=1><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'>Satoshi's native tongue was American English (think Hal Finney or Nick Szabo) and British spelling was part of his operational security. However, being a human, he was not always consistent.<o:p></o:p></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'>Satoshi was multicultural. For instance, he could have been born in the UK and then worked for a US-centric company (think Adam Back).<o:p></o:p></li></ol><p class=MsoNormal><b>More Inconsistencies</b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Did we mention Satoshi's spelling was inconsistent? - Sometimes, he would use American and British spelling on the same day and even within the same post.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Satoshi's Spelling Idiosyncrasies (Words Grouped by Stem)<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>There is also some variance by the day of the week:<o:p></o:p></p><ul style='margin-top:0in' type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2'>American: Mondays, Wednesdays, Saturdays<o:p></o:p></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2'>British: Thursdays<o:p></o:p></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2'>Even: Tuesdays, Fridays, Sundays<o:p></o:p></li></ul><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>Part 2</b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>In the second part of our study, we will apply the “<a href="http://reylab.bidmc.harvard.edu/pubs/2003/physica-a-2003-329-473.pdf" target="_blank">Information categorization approach to literary authorship disputes</a>” developed by Dr. Albert Yang et al to the texts of popular Satoshi candidates to see if it can help identify the man or men who created Bitcoin. Dr. Yang managed to apply it successfully to such distinct cases as the attribution of Chinese 18th-century novel, Shakespearean plays, and the Federalist Papers. If you would like for us to look at particular persons, please let us know along with appropriate texts authored by them.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>We look forward to your feedback<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Bit<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><a href="mailto:bit@ungeared.com" target="_blank">bit@ungeared.com</a><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Whose texts should we compare to Satoshi's?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></body></html>